Q: What do we do if the moon for Shawwal is sighted and we have only fasted 28 days?
A: If the moon for Shawwal is sighted on the 29th night (evening of the 28th) it means that you started Ramadan late. You are to break your fast the following day for Eid and then make up 1 days to complete 29 fasts of Ramadan.
Source: Hidayat al-Raghib
Q: Is it permissible to fast on the days of Tashriq especially if it is a day that I normally fast such as a Monday, Thursday, or the "white days" etc.? A: Fasting, be it voluntary or obligatory e.g.
Q: Is it permissible to make up missed days of Ramadan during the 10 days of Dhul-Hijjah or the first 10 days of al-Muharram? What about Ashura, etc.? A: The 10 days of Dhul-Hijjah are days of worship
Q: What is the ruling of fasting the entire month of Sha’ban? A: There are numerous ḥadīth that demonstrate the virtue of abundant fasting in the month of Sha’ban. Fasting the month, in its entirety,